Health and Fitness Leadership Essay †Sports Science

Health and Fitness Leadership Essay – Sports Science Free Online Research Papers There are many principles and aspects of training that a beginner to exercise should be made aware of, there are other factors out with the actual exercise that the individual’s attention should be drawn towards also. The first thing a beginner to exercise should be made aware of is the different aspects of fitness involved in exercise: Aerobic fitness Anaerobic fitness Muscular strength endurance These 3 different aspects of fitness are designed in their own way to help the body cope with training at a high intensity. A beginner should also be informed of a typical format of an exercise session. First of all a warm up should be conducted, this should involve some introductory exercise which is designed to increase the heart rate and get the lungs pumping, stretching should also be part of the warm up for a session, stretching is important because it prepares the muscles for rigorous activity and lessens the chance of an injury to them. The second part of a session should be the main part and may take the format of aerobic or muscular endurance work. The section of the session should be the most rigorous and the individual should be looking at getting their heart rate within their â€Å"training zone†. An individuals training zone can be calculated in the following way- 220 minus their age, 60-80% of this figure should be the heart rate they should try to achieve throug h exercise, for a beginner 60% should suffice. A warm down is also essential in a training session, this should involve light jogging and developmental stretches, the warm down is designed to relax the muscles and prevent soreness 24 to 48 hours after exercise. When undergoing an exercise regime the individual should take into account the principles of training: Overload- for improvement there must be progressive increase in either the volume or intensity of the activity undertaken. Specificity- effects are specific to the activities that bring them about. Trainability- as a beginner to exercise it may seem quite easy to improve fitness but as the general level increases the motivation of the individual may wane because of limited progress with maximum effort. Reversibility- a beginner should be aware that all improvements that may be made will only last as long as regular exercise is being undertaken. Threshold- This principle considers the frequency, intensity and duration factors of exercise. A beginner should recognise that a threshold for exercise, e.g. how many hours per week, at what intensity, should be recognised in order to reap the benefits. Taking into account the above factors it is recommended that everyone should undertake 3 x 20 mins of aerobic exercise every week. Exercise indicates that the heart rate should be at least 60% of maximum. With a beginner goals should be set for improvement, these goals should be realistically attainable and progressively more challenging. Summary: Start slowly and gradually build up the intensity and complexity of your chosen exercise activity. Chose an activity that you enjoy and suits your needs. Construct a training programme that includes a variety of different exercise activities. Also make sure that out with the exercise regime a healthy lifestyle is being maintained, this can also contribute to overall fitness. Research Papers on Health and Fitness Leadership Essay - Sports ScienceUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemResearch Process Part OneThree Concepts of PsychodynamicDefinition of Export QuotasPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Hockey Game

World War II Memorial in Washington D.C.

World War II Memorial in Washington D.C. After years of discussion and over half a century of waiting, the United States has finally honored the Americans who helped fight World War II with a memorial. The World War II Memorial, which opened to the public on April 29, 2004, is located at what was once the Rainbow Pool, centered between the Lincoln Memorial and the Washington Monument. The Idea The idea of a WWII Memorial in Washington DC was first brought to Congress in 1987 by ​Representative Marcy Kaptur (D-Ohio) at the suggestion of World War II veteran Roger Dubin. After several years of discussion and additional legislation, President Bill Clinton signed Public Law 103-32 on May 25, 1993, authorizing the American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) to establish a WWII Memorial. In 1995, seven sites were discussed for the Memorial. Though the Constitution Gardens site was initially selected, it was later decided that it was not a prominent enough location for a memorial commemorating such an important event in history. After more research and discussion, the Rainbow Pool site was agreed upon. The Design In 1996, a two-stage design competition was opened. Out of 400 preliminary designs entered, six were chosen to compete in the second stage which required review by a design jury. After careful review, the design by architect Friedrich St. Florian was chosen. St. Florians design consisted of the Rainbow Pool (lowered and reduced in size by 15 percent) in a sunken plaza, surrounded in a circular pattern with 56 pillars (each 17-feet-high) which represent the unity of the U.S. states and territories during the war. Visitors would enter the sunken plaza on ramps which will pass by two giant arches (each 41-feet tall) that represent the two fronts of the war. Inside, there would be a Freedom Wall covered with 4,000 gold stars, each representing 100 Americans that died during World War II. A sculpture by Ray Kasky would be placed in the middle of the Rainbow Pool and two fountains would send water more than 30-feet into the air. The Funds Needed The 7.4 acre WWII Memorial was estimated to cost a total of $175 million to build, which includes future estimated maintenance fees. World War II veteran and Senator Bob Dole and Fed-Ex founder Frederick W. Smith were the national co-chairmen of the fund-raising campaign. Amazingly, approximately $195 million was collected, almost all from private contributions. Controversy Unfortunately, there has been some criticism over the Memorial. Though the critics were in favor of a WWII Memorial, they strongly opposed its location. The critics formed the National Coalition to Save Our Mall in order to stop the construction of the Memorial at the Rainbow Pool. They argued that placing the Memorial at that location destroys the historic view between the Lincoln Memorial and the Washington Monument. Construction On November 11, 2000, Veterans Day, there was a ground-breaking ceremony held on the National Mall. Senator Bob Dole, actor Tom Hanks, President Bill Clinton, a 101-year-old mother of a fallen soldier, and 7,000 others attended the ceremony. War-era songs were played by the U.S. Army Band, clips of war-time footage were shown on large screens, and a computerized 3-D walkthrough of the Memorial was available. Actual construction of the Memorial began in September 2001. Constructed of mostly bronze and granite, the construction took three years to complete. On Thursday, April 29, 2004, the site first opened to the public. The formal dedication of the Memorial was held on May 29, 2004. The World War II Memorial honors the 16 million men and women who served in the U.S. armed services, the 400,000 who died in the war, and the millions of Americans who supported the war on the home front.